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What Does Write-Only Language Mean? A write-only language is a humorous term for a language in which only the coder can comprehend the code that he/she has written in that language. This can be due to a number of reasons, some of which include the complexity of syntax and the flexibility of the piece of code. Techopedia Explains Write-Only Language Very basic types of write-only languages include TECO and INTERCAL (both of which are considered obsolete languages now)....

What Does Zero Day Attack Mean? Techopedia Explains Zero Day Attack Zero day attacks usually occur between the time the vulnerability is first found and exploited and the time the application developers releases the necessary solution to counter the exploitation. This timeline is usually termed as the vulnerability window. Zero day attacks are capable of devastating a network by exploiting the vulnerabilities of the applications involved. They are not always viruses and can assume other malware forms such as Trojan horses or worms....

What Does Email Hoax Mean? An email hoax is a scam that is distributed in email form. It is designed to deceive and defraud email recipients, often for monetary gain. Hoax is derived from hocus, a term first used in the late 18th century. Techopedia Explains Email Hoax Charities, such as missing children Nigerian scams Lottery scams Dating scams Chain letters Fake security warnings

What Does Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) Mean? An Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) is a protocol within the IPSec for providing authentication, integrity and confidentially of network packets data/payload in IPv4 and IPv6 networks. ESP provides message/payload encryption and the authentication of a payload and its origin within the IPSec protocol suite. Techopedia Explains Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) An Encapsulating Security Payload is primarily designed to provide encryption, authentication and protection services for the data or payload that is being transferred in an IP network....

What Does LCD Projector Mean? An LCD projector is a type of projector based on liquid crystal displays which can display images, data or video. An LCD projector works on transmissive technology. LCD projectors are more popular than many alternatives due to the fact that they are cheaper to produce and have excellent color reproduction. They are commonly used in business meetings, presentations and seminars. Techopedia Explains LCD Projector The light source for an LCD projector is a standard lamp....

What Does Cloud Backup Mean? Cloud backup is a type of service through which cloud computing resources and infrastructure are used to create, edit, manage and restore data, services or application backup. This is done remotely over the internet. Techopedia Explains Cloud Backup Cloud backup is primarily used on an individual’s or organization’s data via an offsite and remote cloud storage platform. Cloud backup works when a cloud backup provider allocates cloud storage that is accessible globally over the Internet or backup software via a purpose-built user interface or vendor API....

What Does Contextual Menu Mean? A contextual menu is a graphical user interface menu that appears on user interactions such as right-mouse clicks or middle-click mouse operation. This menu only offers a limited set of choices based on the application’s current state. The choices available are related to the object that has been selected. Contextual menus are also referred to as context, shortcut or pop-up menus. Techopedia Explains Contextual Menu Contextual menus provide access to actions that pertain to specific items in the user interface....

What Does Disaster Recovery as a Service (DRaaS) Mean? Disaster recovery as a service (DRaaS) is a cloud computing and backup service model that uses cloud resources to protect applications and data from disruption caused by disaster. It gives an organization a total system backup that allows for business continuity in the event of system failure. Techopedia Explains Disaster Recovery as a Service (DRaaS) DRaaS enables the full replication and backup of all cloud data and applications while serving as a secondary infrastructure....

What Does Flame Mean? A flame is an insulting and hostile comment made by one online poster against another user in an online setting. This commonly happens in forums, message boards, game lobbies or any place online where people with different beliefs and principles gather. A flame usually occurs as a result of debate on heated topics such as religion, philosophy, politics and gender. Techopedia Explains Flame Flames are simply comments or messages designed to offend the user at which they are directed....

What Does Information Systems or Information Services (IS) Mean? Information systems (IS) is an integrated set of components used for gathering, processing, storing and communicating multiple types of information for improved societal and organizational efficiency. Information system components cover academic and professional disciplines spanning the fields of business and computer science. Typical information systems include data about people, software, hardware and procedures. Collected digital data is used for study and analysis....

What Does Knowledge, Skills and Abilities (KSA) Mean? Knowledge, Skills and Abilities (KSA) is a competency model used to recruit and retain qualified individuals for successful job performance. Job vacancy announcements usually include specific KSA requirements. KSAs are also known as the following: Evaluation factors Knowledge, Abilities, Skills and Other Characteristics (KASO) Rating factors Job elements Quality ranking factors Techopedia Explains Knowledge, Skills and Abilities (KSA) Originally, U.S. government job applications required KSAs in the form of narrative statements, in addition to resumes and security clearances....

What Does Linear Tape Open (LTO) Mean? Linear tape open (LTO) is a magnetic tape storage open technology developed in the late 1990s by Hewlett-Packard, IBM and Certance (now Quantum Corp.) as an alternative standard to proprietary magnetic tape formats. Magnetic tape storage technology has been in existence for more than 50 years. Even today, this technology is tightly controlled, creating limited availability and a fairly high price. Since 2002, LTO has been the top selling super tape format....

What Does Multiplexing Mean? Multiplexing is a popular networking technique that integrates multiple analog and digital signals into a signal transmitted over a shared medium. Multiplexers and de-multiplexers are used to convert multiple signals into one signal. This term is also known as muxing. Techopedia Explains Multiplexing Phone calls are a good example of multiplexing in telecommunications. That is, more than one phone call is transmitted over a single medium....

What Does Non-Volatile Memory (NVM) Mean? Non-volatile memory (NVM) is a type of computer memory that has the capability to hold saved data even if the power is turned off. Unlike volatile memory, NVM does not require its memory data to be periodically refreshed. It is commonly used for secondary storage or long-term consistent storage. Techopedia Explains Non-Volatile Memory (NVM) Non-volatile data storage can be classified into two types: Mechanically addressed systems make use of a contact structure to write and read on a selected storage medium....

What Does Phase Alternating Line (PAL) Mean? Phase Alternating Line (PAL) is a color encoding system for analog television, and was created in 1961 in the United Kingdom. It features 624 horizontal lines per frame with a rate of 25 frames per second. PAL is used in broadcast television systems in many countries and is one of the three major broadcast standards, along with the NTSC and SECAM systems. Techopedia Explains Phase Alternating Line (PAL) Similar to the NTSC system, Phase Alternating Line makes use of a quadrature amplitude modulated subcarrier which carries the chrominance data added to the video signal....

What Does Pwn Mean? Pwn is a slang term that means to defeat, often in an extreme way. It was originally used in the context of computer gaming, particularly massively multiplayer online role-playing games (MMORPGs), but is now often used in many different contexts. Techopedia Explains Pwn The term pwn has developed around judgments on technology, its uses and its advancements, in a competitive environment. For example, one would say that one tech company “pwned” another by rolling out a vastly superior product....

What Does RAID 2 Recovery Mean? RAID 2 recovery is the process of recovering and restoring data in a RAID 2 infrastructure. It includes both automated and manual measures that enable a RAID 2-type array to recover to its normal working operations and restore any data. Techopedia Explains RAID 2 Recovery RAID 2 recovery is usually performed through RAID recovery software that scans each drive or array for corrupted or deleted data or hamming parity information....

What Does Betamax Standard (Beta) Mean? The Betamax standard (Beta) is a legal precedent set after the Universal City Studios, Inc. et al. v. Sony Corporation of America Inc. et al., lawsuit in 1984. Under this case ruling, digital content owners were authorized to copy content to other formats for personal use. More specifically, the court ruled that under copyright law, consumers were authorized to reproduce TV shows if the recordings were for personal use....

What Does Bropia Worm Mean? The Bropia worm is a type of malware that spreads through instant messaging (IM) by sending infected attachments to IM users. This worm uses MSN Instant Messenger to send infected files and spreads by sending these out through the IM contact list. The Bropia Worm is similar to the Kelvir worm except that it sends an infected file directly to users, while the Kelvir worm sends a link pointing to an infected file....

What Does Component Object Model (COM) Mean? Component Object Model (COM) is a simple Microsoft specification method that defines a binary standard for exchanging code between two systems, regardless of the OS or programming language. COM provides access to distributed client object services and is used to share cross-platform binary code and programming languages. Techopedia Explains Component Object Model (COM) COM interactivity occurs via interfacing with expandable COM software components that do not have an impact on underlying implementation objects....