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What Does Standard Parallel Port (SPP) Mean? A standard parallel port (SPP) is a port for connecting various relatively high bandwidth peripherals, most commonly printers, to a PC. Later versions of the SPP allow duplex communication. They use the DB-25 connector. The original SPP, by Centronics, was introduced in 1970 and soon became the de facto industry standard. However, a number of different manufacturers used the SPP with a variety of connectors, such as the DC-35, the DD50 and the M50....

What Does Automatic Document Feeder (ADF) Mean? An automatic document feeder (ADF) is a feature in printers, photocopiers, fax machines or scanners wherein a stack of paper put into the machine and is then automatically fed through it, allowing the user to print, scan or copy without having to manually place each page into the machine. Techopedia Explains Automatic Document Feeder (ADF) There are two kinds of ADFs that are capable of duplex scanning:...

What Does Area Border Router (ABR) Mean? An area border router (ABR) is a kind of router that is located near the border between one or more Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) areas. It is used to establish a connection between backbone networks and the OSPF areas. It is a member of both the main backbone network and the specific areas to which it connects, so it stores and maintains separate routing information or routing tables regarding the backbone and the topologies of the area to which it is connected....

What Does Automatic Identification (Auto ID) Mean? Automatic identification (auto ID) is a process of automatic data identification via a set of methods, technologies and devices, such as bar code readers, radio frequency identification (RFID), magnetic stripe cards/readers and optical memory cards. These technologies are used for the automatic detection and identification of data objects. Captured information is entered into a computer system without direct human involvement. Auto ID is usually applied to scenarios involving logistics and warehouse inventory, where the processing of many objects requires fast tracking beyond human capability and capacity....

What Does Baud (Bd) Mean? Baud (Bd) is a data transmission unit that shows how many signaling elements or symbol changes (electronic state change) are sent per second in a line code or a digitally modulated signal. It is not the measure of data transfer speed, but the measure of modulation. This should not be confused with the actual gross data transfer rate, which is expressed in bits per second. Although the two are related, they are not equal....

What Does Customer Information Control System (CICS) Mean? Customer Information Control System (CICS) is an online transaction processing monitor from IBM that acts as an interface between the operating system and application programs to provide rapid high-volume online transaction processing. Techopedia Explains Customer Information Control System (CICS)

What Does Cydia Mean? Cydia is an application allowing users to download software on a hacked (known as jailbroken) iPhone or iPad. By using Cydia, users can search for apps in online repositories or in the Cydia Store. Most of the apps found in repositories can be downloaded for free, while most of those in the Cydia Store are for sale. Techopedia Explains Cydia Normally, applications for Apple devices are downloaded via the App Store....

What Does Data Center Transformation Mean? Data center transformation is the process of changing a data center to improve its overall functionality and performance. Some experts define and characterize data center transformation as large-scale programs of change that affect many of the key parts of data center use, including hardware setups, users and business processes. Techopedia Explains Data Center Transformation Some specific kinds of data center transformation involve integrating cloud computing concepts or network virtualization to an existing data center....

What Does Data Portability Mean? Data portability refers to the ability to move, copy or transfer data easily from one database, storage or IT environment to another. Portability describes the extent to which the data can easily be ported between different computers and operational environments. Techopedia Explains Data Portability Data portability primarily enables individual end users or enterprises to seamlessly move, integrate and interlink data sets within disparate systems. Typically for data portability to work, the data must be in a format that is interoperable between several platforms....

What Does Data Recovery Software Mean? Data recovery software is a type of software that enables the recovery of corrupted, deleted or inaccessible data from a storage device. This software reviews, scans, identifies, extracts and copies data from deleted, corrupted and formatted sectors or in a user-defined location within the storage device. Techopedia Explains Data Recovery Software Data recovery software is primarily used by IT support staff and service providers. Data recovery software generally has access to the core architecture of a hard disk....

What Does Differential Backup Mean? Differential backup is a data backup procedure that records data changes that have occurred since the most recent full backup. Differential backup only saves the new data or data that has changed since the last full backup; it does not make a backup of all the data every single time. The benefit of using differential backup, versus a full or incremental backup, is that it takes a relatively shorter amount of time to restore the data....

What Does Greenfield Deployment Mean? Greenfield deployment refers to the installation of an IT system where previously there was none. This term is derived from the construction industry, where new development on previously undeveloped land is called greenfield development. Greenfield deployment may refer to a network, data center or other major IT projects when they are built from the ground up. This type of development is often beneficial because it is not subject to constraints posed by existing networks....

What Does IEEE 802.11h Mean? Techopedia Explains IEEE 802.11h Key IEEE 802.11h features are as follows: Increases IEEE 802.11a overlapping channels from 12 to 23 Enforces dynamic frequency selection (DFS) and transmit power control (TPC) mechanisms to meet European regulations Provides wireless access point (WAP) capabilities to reduce electromagnetic interference between radar and satellite signals existing in a 5 GHz frequency band

What Does Image Stabilization (IS) Mean? Image stabilization (IS) is a feature used in some digital cameras to reduce blurring of images due to vibration while taking pictures. This feature is known by many different brand names depending on the manaufacturer. The stabilization systems may be implemented using a lens or sensors. Techopedia Explains Image Stabilization (IS) Image stabilization works in real time in cameras and video recording devices to decrease the effects of shock and vibration in the digital images....

What Does K Desktop Environment (KDE) Mean? K desktop environment (KDE) is a desktop working platform with a graphical user interface (GUI) released in the form of an open-source package. When KDE was first released, it acquired the name Kool desktop environment, which was then abbreviated as K desktop environment. The KDE GUI is equipped with everything users typically need, including a file manager, window manager, help tool and system configuration tool....

What Does Mobile Application Security Mean? Techopedia Explains Mobile Application Security Mobile application security involves examining the structure of mobile applications and studying how they work, as well as looking at major threat areas and what hackers or other attackers want to accomplish. Security experts develop assessments based on issues like theft of financial data or personal identifiers, or unauthorized access to devices. Areas covered by mobile application security include threat modeling, source code review and risk analysis....

What Does Mobile Tagging Mean? Techopedia Explains Mobile Tagging The use of mobile tagging has been seen as having major commercial potential. The current uses of QR codes, Miscrosoft Tags and other mobile tagging methods have often been geared toward giving device users more information about products and services that companies provide. However, in a broader sense, mobile tagging technology provides a powerful interface between the physical world and a mobile device....

What Does Read-Only Memory (ROM) Mean? Read-only memory (ROM) is a type of storage medium that permanently stores data on personal computers (PCs) and other electronic devices. Techopedia Explains Read-Only Memory (ROM) Because ROM is read-only, it cannot be changed; it is permanent and non-volatile, meaning it also holds its memory even when power is removed. By contrast, random access memory (RAM) is volatile; it is lost when power is removed....

What Does Schema Mean? A schema is the structure behind data organization. It is a visual representation of how different table relationships enable the schema’s underlying mission business rules for which the database is created. Techopedia Explains Schema In a schema diagram, all database tables are designated with unique columns and special features, e.g., primary/foreign keys or not null, etc. Formats and symbols for expression are universally understood, eliminating the possibility of confusion....

What Does Secondary Audio Program (SAP) Mean? Secondary Audio Program (SAP) is an auxiliary audio channel alternative to standard television (TV) stations or programs. SAP is transmitted via sub video carriers (for example, color TV) vs. audio carriers like FM radio. SAP is accessible via wireless, TV, videocassette recorder (VCR) or portable receiver.Most TVs and VCRs manufactured after 1995 are SAP-enabled. Techopedia Explains Secondary Audio Program (SAP) In 1984, the National Television System Committee (NTSC) incorporated SAP as part of its multichannel television sound (MTS) specification....